Django - Tutorial 014. Displays a list of popular articles on Django

Django, статистика, популярные статьи

Many blogs and news sites to keep the audience's attention using such methods as ranking popular articles this week, related publications, and some major resources and more advice on user preferences.

First, it was decided to do - it displays a list of popular articles. The first version of the popular articles was based on a general counter views and eventually deduced the article with the most views. This is generally a bad option, since the TOP will result in articles just scored the highest number of views for all time.

Therefore it was necessary to change something. As a result, the output has been introduced popular articles in last 7 days in its simplest form. That is, the table has been added which introduced views of articles by day. Of course, the accuracy of counting under heavy load can vary greatly, but attendance is not reached the 5,000 - 10,000 unique visitors a day - it's not so important.

Now lets proceed with an example of how to make a list of popular articles Django .

Article and Statistics models

Here is a stripped-down version of the model for items, as in this case, I'm interested in only the title of the article.

class Article(models.Model):
    class Meta:
        db_table = "article"

    title = models.CharField('Title', max_length=200)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

A statistical model views on articles will be the next code.

class ArticleStatistic(models.Model):
    class Meta:
        db_table = "ArticleStatistic"

    article = models.ForeignKey(Article)                    
    date = models.DateField('Date', default=timezone.now)   
    views = models.IntegerField('Views', default=0)     

    def __str__(self):
        return self.article.title


class ArticleStatisticAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('__str__', 'date', 'views')  
    search_fields = ('__str__', )                

In this code, made two models:

1. The model itself to collect statistics
   Model to display the data in the admin area.

These models will be written in models.py file.

Do not forget to also register the model in the admin in admin.py file.

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import Article, ArticleStatistic, ArticleStatisticAdmin

admin.site.register(Article)
admin.site.register(ArticleStatistic, ArticleStatisticAdmin)

Then do not forget to do a database migration.

python manage.db makemigrations
python manage.db migrate

Views

Once we have added to the model, it remains to add the conclusion of popular articles and make the counting statistics when requested article from the server.

from django.views import View
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404
from django.utils import timezone
from django.db.models import Sum

# To work with the models of articles I have used knowledge module
from knowledge.models import Article, ArticleStatistic  


# while module is used for displaying articles post
# This was done in order to URL items was the following form
#    /post/42/ - where 42 - it is id od article in database
class EArticleView(View):
    template_name = 'knowledge/article.html'    

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, id=self.kwargs['article_id'])    
        context = {}

        # Then we pick up the object of today's statistics, or create a new one if required
        obj, created = ArticleStatistic.objects.get_or_create(
            defaults={
                "article": article,
                "date": timezone.now()
            },
            # At the same time define a fence or statistics object creation
            # by two fields: date and a foreign key to the article
            date=timezone.now(), article=article    
        )
        obj.views += 1    
        obj.save(update_fields=['views'])

        # Now pick up the list of the last 5 most popular articles of the week
        popular = ArticleStatistic.objects.filter(
            # filter records in the last 7 days
            date__range=[timezone.now() - timezone.timedelta(7), timezone.now()]
        ).values(
            # Taking the field of interest to us, namely, the id and the title
            # Unfortunately we can not to pick up an object on the foreign key in this case 
            # Only the specific field of the object
            'article_id', 'article__title'
        ).annotate(
            # Summing over rated recording
            # All sum properly with matching fields for the requested objects
            views=Sum('views')
        ).order_by(
            # sort the records Descending
            '-views')[:5]  # Take 5 last records

        context['popular_list'] = popular # We went to the context of the list of articles

        return render_to_response(template_name=self.template_name, context=context)

Display template

And now just be displayed in page template list of popular articles of the week. I'll note that only give you a template to display a list. This is enough to understand how to get a list of articles on the page.

Do not also forget that I am using django_bootstrap3, therefore, the pattern looks accordingly.

{% if popular_list %}{% load bootstrap3 %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item active"><strong>Популярные публикации за неделю</strong></li>
{% for pop_article in popular_list %}
    <li class="list-group-item">
    <a href="{% url 'post:article' pop_article.article_id %}">{{ pop_article.article__title }}</a>
    </li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}

URL pattern:

url(r'^(?P<article_id>[0-9]+)/$', views.EArticleView.as_view(), name='article'),

Result

The list of popular articles will be similar to that used on this site, but without the total number of views and, in the admin stats will look like this:

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